讲座主题：Great Famine, Differential Fertility, and Income Inequality: Evidence from China

　　主讲人：王学博，上海财经大学经济学院助理教授

　　讲座时间：9月17日(周一)上午10:00-11:30

　　讲座地点：yL23411永利官网登录B247

　　主办单位：yL23411永利官网登录世界经济系，主持人：郭汝飞

　　摘要：Existing literature theoretically proves that differential fertility across income classes can affect the steady state income inequality. This study provides the first piece of empirical evidence on the causality between differential fertility across heterogeneous families and the income inequality of the next generation. Given that China’s Great Famine (1959–1961) mainly attacked rural areas, we show that it can be considered as an exogenous shock to the country’s fertility structure and has a long-term effect on the rural–urban population composition. We use the severity of the Famine to instrument for the rural share of the population who are born after the Famine. We find that at the provincial and prefectural levels, a higher rural share of the population induces a higher Gini coefficient for the post-Famine cohorts several decades later. We further analyze the mechanisms through which the rural–urban population composition affects income inequality. We determine that a higher rural share of the population induces a lower probability of rural youths being admitted to colleges. That is, as a larger proportion of new population concentrate in rural areas, it would become more difficult for these rural children to get access to college education and get out of poverty, and social mobility also decreases accordingly.

　　主讲人简介：Xuebo Wang is an assistant professor of economics at the School of Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. He received his PhD from the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 2018. His primary research field is applied microeconomics, including labor economics, development economics, and economic history. He has published a paper in the Journal of Development Economics.